From willow to laurel
What Happened? The Ottoman Empire addressed original problems with original solutions. Its success is evident because it was built not through imitation but by creating and constructing anew. We …
Tag: modernization
From Tanzimat to the Second Constitutional Era: Ottoman Modernization
The efforts toward Westernization in the Ottoman Empire became apparent with the 1839 Tanzimat Edict and entered an intensive phase with the First Constitutional Era in 1876. The proclamation …
Women’s movement in Late Ottomans
Women’s Status and Westernization in the Second Constitutional Era The Second Constitutional Era’s drive for Westernization also included efforts to change the position of women in society. The belief …